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False Dilemma (also known as: all-or-nothing fallacy, false dichotomy, the either-or fallacy, black-and- white thinking) Discussed during the course of this essay are three specific types of logical fallacies, and the key roles they play in thinking and decision making. With this fallacy, you argue against a phoney, weak or ridiculous position that you have created, and then proceed to easily knock it down. However, this is a hasty generalization as chances are that those three employees are performing well because of their skillset not just because they hold the management diploma. This is used as a training aid for dogs due to its strong pungent smell, which leads the dogs in a certain direction in the training. The premises are true, but they do not logically lead to the conclusion. Therefore, happiness is death. The loaded question may be beneficial to you but it could be unfair to the person you are asking it. Now, instead of putting the relevant counterpoints such as examples of the colleges that charge high fees, but also provide high-quality education that benefits the student, you may try to divert the persons argument by using other arguments such as you say that the person does not support the higher education and he/she believes that colleges should be closed, or the person is anti-national as he/she does not want the development of the country. This shows that you are using the straw man fallacy by ignoring the original question by the irrelevant or straw man arguments. Verecundiam, or "argument from modesty") EXAMPLE: From "if-by-whiskey" to the McNamara fallacy, being able to spot logical missteps is an invaluable skill. Remember we can not term anything as an ad hominem fallacy it is not an argument. This fallacy involves arguing against a position because you think choosing it would start a chain reaction of bad things, even though theres little evidence to support your claim. When the judge sees that the person is physically disabled and walking with the help of the walker, it may provoke the human emotions of the judges. No one has proved that aliens do not exist, so aliens are real. Match. Does night mode shift your brain out of sleep mode? The professor got angry and tells you to bring your parents to the office tomorrow. Perhaps it comes from the shame felt by the dupe? However, the correct reasoning behind this phenomenon is that lice are very sensitive to the temperature of the body. This rarely happens with the more well-known logical fallacies. Then again, she's so good at faking everything else, even her concern's probably a put-on. Here's one example of a fairly low-stakes sunk cost situation: sticking with a boring book because you feel obligated to finish it. Or, when someone compares two things to support their argument, but it doesnt make sense, thats a false equivalency. Ad hoc claims arent designed to be generalizable. It stems from the Vietnam War, in which McNamara sought to develop a formula to measure progress in the war. These are the jobs in each state that are most specific to the place. Deductive Reasoning Examples | YourDictionary The appeal to authority fallacy is commonly seen in advertisements.